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Gerando a resposta do usuário: Códigos de status do HTTP
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Quando um web server responde ao pedido do browser ou do outro web client, a resposta consiste tipicamente em uma linha de status, em alguns encabeçamentos da resposta, em uma linha em branco, e no original




Especificando códigos de status

Como descritos acima, a linha de status da resposta do HTTP consiste na versão do HTTP, em um código de status, e em uma mensagem associada. Desde que a mensagem é associada diretamente com o código de status e a versão do HTTP é determinada pelo usuário, todo o servlet necessita fazer é ajustar o código de status. A maneira fazer que é pelo método do setStatus do HttpServletResponse.

O método do setStatus faz exame do interno (o código de status) porque um argumento, mas em vez de usar números explícitos, ele é mais desobstruído e mais de confiança usar as constantes definidas em HttpServletResponse. O nome de cada um constante é derivado da mensagem padrão do HTTP 1.1 para cada um constante, toda caixa com um prefixo do SC (para o código de status) e dos espaços mudados aos underscores. Assim, desde que a mensagem para 404 não é encontrada, a constante equivalente no HttpServletResponse é SC_NOT_FOUND lá é duas exceções entretanto. Para alguma razão impar a constante para o código 302 é derivada da mensagem do HTTP 1.0, não a mensagem do HTTP 1.1, e a constante para o código 307 falta completamente.

Ajustar o código de status não significa sempre que você não necessita o retorno um original. Por exemplo, embora a maioria de usuários gerassem da “a mensagem não encontrada pequena lima” para 404 respostas, os servlets puderam querer customize esta resposta. Entretanto, se você fizer este, você necessita ser certo chamar response.setStatus antes de emitir qualquer índice através de PrintWriter.

Embora o método geral de ajustar códigos de status seja simplesmente à chamada response.setStatus (interno), há dois casos comuns onde um método do atalho no HttpServletResponse é fornecido. O método do sendError gera a resposta 404 junto com uma mensagem curta formatada dentro de um original do HTML. E o método do sendRedirect gera a resposta 302 junto com um encabeçamento da posição que indica o URL do original novo.




Códigos de status do HTTP 1.1 e seu Meaning

Seguir é a lista de todos os códigos de status disponíveis do HTTP 1.1, junto com suas mensagem e interpretação associadas. Você deve ser cauteloso em usar os códigos de status que estão disponíveis somente em HTTP 1.1, desde que muitos browsers ainda suportam somente HTTP 1.0. Se você usar os códigos de status específicos a HTTP 1.1, em a maioria de casos você quer a verifica explicitamente a versão do HTTP do pedido (através do método do getProtocol do HttpServletRequest) ou reserva-a para situações quando nenhum código de status do HTTP 1.0 seria particularmente significativo ao cliente anyhow.

Status Code Associated Message Meaning
100 Continue Continue with partial request. (New in HTTP 1.1)
101 Switching Protocols

Server will comply with Upgrade header and change to different protocol. (New in HTTP 1.1)

200 OK

Everything's fine; document follows for GET and POST requests. This is the default for servlets; if you don't use setStatus, you'll get this.

201 Created

Server created a document; the Location header indicates its URL.

202 Accepted Request is being acted upon, but processing is not completed.
203 Non-Authoritative Information Document is being returned normally, but some of the response headers might be incorrect since a document copy is being used. (New in HTTP 1.1)
204 No Content

No new document; browser should continue to display previous document. This is a useful if the user periodically reloads a page and you can determine that the previous page is already up to date. However, this does not work for pages that are automatically reloaded via the Refresh response header or the equivalent <META HTTP-EQUIV="Refresh" ...> header, since returning this status code stops future reloading. JavaScript-based automatic reloading could still work in such a case, though.

205 Reset Content

No new document, but browser should reset document view. Used to force browser to clear CGI form fields. (New in HTTP 1.1)

206 Partial Content

Client sent a partial request with a Range header, and server has fulfilled it. (New in HTTP 1.1)

300 Multiple Choices

Document requested can be found several places; they'll be listed in the returned document. If server has a preferred choice, it should be listed in the Location response header.

301 Moved Permanently

Requested document is elsewhere, and the URL for it is given in the Location response header. Browsers should automatically follow the link to the new URL.

302 Found

Similar to 301, except that the new URL should be interpreted as a temporary replacement, not a permanent one. Note: the message was "Moved Temporarily" in HTTP 1.0, and the constant in HttpServletResponse is SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY, not SC_FOUND.Very useful header, since browsers automatically follow the link to the new URL. This status code is so useful that there is a special method for it, sendRedirect. Using response.sendRedirect(url) has a couple of advantages over doing response.setStatus(response.SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY) and response.setHeader("Location", url). First, it is easier. Second, with sendRedirect, the servlet automatically builds a page containing the link (to show to older browsers that don't automatically follow redirects). Finally, sendRedirect can handle relative URLs, automatically translating them to absolute ones.

Note that this status code is sometimes used interchangeably with 301. some servers will send 301 and others will send 302.

Technically, browsers are only supposed to automatically follow the redirection if the original request was GET. See the 307 header for details.

303 See Other

Like 301/302, except that if the original request was POST, the redirected document (given in the Location header) should be retrieved via GET. (New in HTTP 1.1)

304 Not Modified

Client has a cached document and performed a conditional request (usually by supplying an If-Modified-Since header indicating that it only wants documents newer than a specified date). Server wants to tell client that the old, cached document should still be used.

305 Use Proxy

Requested document should be retrieved via proxy listed in Location header. (New in HTTP 1.1)

307 Temporary Redirect

This is identical to 302 ("Found" or "Temporarily Moved"). It was added to HTTP 1.1 since many browsers erroneously followed the redirection on a 302 response even if the original message was a POST, even though it really ought to have followed the redirection of a POST request only on a 303 response. This response is intended to be unambigously clear: follow redirected GET and POST requests in the case of 303 responses, only follow the redirection for GET requests in the case of 307 responses. Note: for some reason there is no constant in HttpServletResponse corresponding to this status code. (New in HTTP 1.1)

400 Bad Request Bad syntax in the request.
401 Unauthorized

Client tried to access password-protected page without proper authorization. Response should include a WWW-Authenticate header that the browser would use to pop up a username/password dialog box, which then comes back via the Authorization header.

403 Forbidden

Resource is not available, regardless of authorization. Often the result of bad file or directory permissions on the server.

404 Not Found

No resource could be found at that address. This is the standard "no such page" response. This is such a common and useful response that there is a special method for it in HttpServletResponse: sendError(message). The advantage of sendError over setStatus is that, with sendError, the server automatically generates an error page showing the error message.

405 Method Not Allowed The request method (GET, POST, HEAD, DELETE, PUT, TRACE, etc.) was not allowed for this particular resource. (New in HTTP 1.1)
406 Not Acceptable

Resource indicated generates a MIME type incompatible with that specified by the client via its Accept header. (New in HTTP 1.1)

407 Proxy Authentication Required Similar to 401, but proxy server must return a Proxy-Authenticate header. (New in HTTP 1.1)
408 Request Timeout The client took too long to send the request. (New in HTTP 1.1)
409 Conflict

Usually associated with PUT requests; used for situations such as trying to upload an incorrect version of a file. (New in HTTP 1.1)

410 Gone

Document is gone; no forwarding address known. Differs from 404 in that the document is is known to be permanently gone in this case, not just unavailable for unknown reasons as with 404. (New in HTTP 1.1)

411 Length Required

Server cannot process request unless client sends a Content-Length header. (New in HTTP 1.1)

412 Precondition Failed

Some precondition specified in the request headers was false. (New in HTTP 1.1)

413 Request Entity Too Large

The requested document is bigger than the server wants to handle now. If the server thinks it can handle it later, it should include a Retry-After header. (New in HTTP 1.1)

414 Request URI Too Long The URI is too long. (New in HTTP 1.1)
415 Unsupported Media Type Request is in an unknown format. (New in HTTP 1.1)
416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable Client included an unsatisfiable Range header in request. (New in HTTP 1.1)
417 Expectation Failed

Value in the Expect request header could not be met. (New in HTTP 1.1)

500 Internal Server Error

Generic "server is confused" message. It is often the result of CGI programs or (heaven forbid!) servlets that crash or return improperly formatted headers.

501 Not Implemented

Server doesn't support functionality to fulfill request. Used, for example, when client issues command like PUT that server doesn't support.

502 Bad Gateway

Used by servers that act as proxies or gateways; indicates that initial server got a bad response from the remote server.

503 Service Unavailable

Server cannot respond due to maintenance or overloading. For example, a servlet might return this header if some thread or database connection pool is currently full. Server can supply a Retry-After header.

504 Gateway Timeout

Used by servers that act as proxies or gateways; indicates that initial server didn't get a response from the remote server in time. (New in HTTP 1.1)

505 HTTP Version Not Supported

Server doesn't support version of HTTP indicated in request line. (New in HTTP 1.1)





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Keywords: Handling the Client Request:Form Data,asp net client,asp net data,vb net data,control data,data net,java client,data repeater


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