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Using a Record View


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Using a Record View

This topic explains how you might commonly customize the default code for record views that the wizard writes for you.
A D V E R T I S E M E N T
Typically, you want to constrain the record selection with a filter or parameters, perhaps sort the records, customize the SQL statement.
This information applies to both CRecordView (ODBC) and CDaoRecordView (DAO).

Using CRecordView or CDaoRecordView is much the same as using CFormView. The basic approach is to use the record view to display and perhaps update the records of a single recordset. Beyond that, you might want to use other recordsets as well, as discussed in Record Views: Filling a List Box from a Second Recordset.




Record View Code Created by Application Wizard

The MFC Application Wizard overrides the view's OnInitialUpdate and OnGetRecordset member functions. After the framework creates the frame window, document, and view, it calls OnInitialUpdate to initialize the view. OnInitialUpdate obtains a pointer to the recordset from the document. A call to the base class CView::OnInitialUpdate function opens the recordset. The following code shows this process for a CRecordView — the code for a CDaoRecordView is similar:
Copy Code
void CSectionForm::OnInitialUpdate()
{
   m_pSet = &GetDocument()->m_sectionSet;
   CRecordView::OnInitialUpdate();
}

When the recordset opens, it selects records. CRecordset::Open or CDaoRecordset::Open makes the first record the current record, and DDX moves data from the recordset's field data members to the corresponding form controls in the view. For more information about RFX, see Record Field Exchange (RFX). For more information about DDX, see Dialog Data Exchange and Validation. For information about the document/view creation process, see Using the Classes to Write Applications for Windows.

Note:
You should give your end users the capability to refresh the record view controls from the recordset. Without this capability, if a user changes a control's value to an illegal value, the user can be permanently stuck on the current record. To refresh the controls, you call the CWnd member function UpdateData with a parameter of FALSE.



Changes You Might Make to the Default Code

The MFC Application Wizard writes a recordset class for you that selects all records in a single table. You will often want to modify that behavior in one or more of the following ways:
  • Set a filter or a sort order for the recordset. Do this in OnInitialUpdate after the recordset object is constructed but before its Open member function is called. For more information, see Recordset: Filtering Records (ODBC) and Recordset: Sorting Records (ODBC).
  • Parameterize the recordset. Specify the actual run-time parameter value after the filter. For more information, see Recordset: Parameterizing a Recordset (ODBC)
  • Pass a customized SQL string to the Open member function. For a discussion of what you can accomplish with this technique , see SQL: Customizing Your Recordset's SQL Statement (ODBC).




Filling a List Box from a Second Recordset

By default, a record view is associated with a single recordset object, whose fields are mapped to the record view's controls. Sometimes you might want to put a list box or combo box control in your record view and fill it with values from a second recordset object. The user can use the list box to select a new category of information to display in the record view. This topic explains how and when to do that.
Tip:
Be aware that filling a combo box or list box from a data source might be slow. Take precautions against trying to fill a control from a recordset with a large number of records.

The model for this topic consists of a primary recordset that fills the controls of your form, while a secondary recordset fills a list box or combo box. Selecting a string from the list box causes your program to requery the primary recordset based on what was selected. The following procedure uses a combo box but applies equally to a list box.

To fill a combo box or list box from a second recordset

  1. Create the recordset object (CRecordset for ODBC, CDaoRecordset for DAO).
  2. Obtain a pointer to the CComboBox object for the combo box control.
  3. Empty the combo box of any previous contents.
  4. Move through all records in the recordset, calling CComboBox::AddString for each string from the current record you want to add to the combo box.
  5. Initialize the selection in the combo box.
Copy Code
void CSectionForm::OnInitialUpdate()
{
    // ...

    // Fill the combo box with all of the courses
    CENROLLDoc* pDoc = GetDocument();
    if (!pDoc->m_courseSet.Open())
        return;

    // ...

    m_ctlCourseList.ResetContent();
    if (pDoc->m_courseSet.IsOpen())
    { 
        while (!pDoc->m_courseSet.IsEOF() )
        {
            m_ctlCourseList.AddString(
                pDoc->m_courseSet.m_CourseID);
            pDoc->m_courseSet.MoveNext();
        }
    }
    m_ctlCourseList.SetCurSel(0);
}

This function uses a second recordset, m_courseSet, which contains a record for each course offered, and a CComboBox control, m_ctlCourseList, which is stored in the record view class.

The function gets m_courseSet from the document and opens it. Then it empties m_ctlCourseList and scrolls through m_courseSet. For each record, the function calls the combo box's AddString member function to add the course ID value from the record. Finally, the code sets the combo box's selection.



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