Interview Q&A

• Explain about SOAP?

  SOAP acts as a medium to provide basic messaging framework. On these basic messaging frameworks abstract layers are built. It transfers messages across the board in different protocols; it also acts as a medium to transmit XML based message...

• What is DOM and how does it relate to XML?

  The Document Object Model (DOM) is an interface specification maintained by the W3C DOM Workgroup that defines an application independent mechanism to access, parse, or update XML data. In simple terms it is a hierarchical model that allows...

• What is the difference between Schema and DTD?

  Schema might outphase DTD. XML shemas are in XML. XML Schema has a lot of built-in data types including xs:string,xs:decimal,xs:integer,xs:boolean,xs:date,xs:time. XML schemas can be edited with Schema files, parsed with XML parser, manipul...

• When constructing an XML DTD, how do you create an external entity reference in an attribute value?

  Every interview session should have at least one trick question. Although possible when using SGML, XML DTDs don't support defining external entity references in attribute values. It's more important for the candidate to respond to this que...

• What is Xpath?

  XPath is a language for addressing parts of an XML document, designed to be used by both XSLT and XPointer.

• What is SOAP and how does it relate to XML?

  The Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) uses XML to define a protocol for the exchange of information in distributed computing environments. SOAP consists of three components: an envelope, a set of encoding rules, and a convention for repr...

• What is the difference between SAX parser and DOM parser?

  DOM spec defines an object-oriented hieararchy. The DOM parser creates an internal tree based on the hierarchy of the XML data. Tree stays in memory until released. The DOM parser is more memory intensive. DOM Parser’s advantage is that i...

• What is DOM and how does it relate to XML?

  The Document Object Model (DOM) is an interface specification maintained by the W3C DOM Workgroup that defines an application independent mechanism to access, parse, or update XML data. In simple terms it is a hierarchical model that allows...

• What is XML Namespace?

  The XML namespaces recommendation defines a way to distinguish between duplicate element type and attribute names. Such duplication might occur, for example, in an XSLT stylesheet or in a document that contains element types and attributes...

• How do you override the underlining of hyperlinks?

  CSS has the ability to explicitly control the status of underlining for an element - even for hyperlinks. The correct way to do this in an external or document-level style sheet is: A { text-decoration: none } and within an anchor element...

• How do I combine multiple sheets into one?

  To combine multiple/partial style sheets into one set the TITLE attribute taking one and the same value to the LINK element. The combined style will apply as a preferred style, e.g.:

• What is property?

  Property is a stylistic parameter (attribute) that can be influenced through CSS, e.g. FONT or WIDTH. There must always be a corresponing value or values set to each property, e.g. font: bold or font: bold san-serif.

• What is attribute selector?

  Attribute selector is a selector defined by 1) the attribute set to element(s), 2) the attribute and value(s), 3) the attribute and value parts

• What is shorthand property?

  Shorthand property is a property made up of individual properties that have a common "addressee". For example properties: font-weight, font-style, font-variant, font-size, font-family, refer to the font. To reduce the size of style sheets a...

• How do I move the list bullet to the left/right?

  CSS1 has no properties for setting margins or padding around the bullet of a list itemand in most cases the position of the bullet is browser-dependent. This is especially true since most browsers disagreed on whether a bullet is found with...

• What is CLASS selector?

  Class selector is a "stand alone" class to which a specific style is declared. Using the CLASS attribute the declared style can then be associated with any HTML element. The class selectors are created by a period followed by the class's na...

• What is initial value?

  Initial value is a default value of the property, that is the value given to the root element of the document tree. All properties have an initial value. If no specific value is set and/or if a property is not inherited the initial value is...

• What is imported Style Sheet? How to link?

  Imported Style Sheet is a sheet that can be imported to (combined with) another sheet. This allows creating one main sheet containing declarations that apply to the whole site and partial sheets containing declarations that apply to specifi...

• What is external Style Sheet? How to link?

  External Style Sheet is a template/document/file containing style information which can be linked with any number of HTML documents. This is a very convenient way of formatting the entire site as well as restyling it by editing just one fil...

• What is ID selector?

  ID selector is an individually identified (named) selector to which a specific style is declared. Using the ID attribute the declared style can then be associated with one and only one HTML element per document as to differentiate it from a...

• What is ID selector?

  ID selector is an individually identified (named) selector to which a specific style is declared. Using the ID attribute the declared style can then be associated with one and only one HTML element per document as to differentiate it from a...

• What is class?

  Class is a group of 1) instances of the same element to which an unique style can be attached or 2) instances of different elements to which the same style can be attached.

• How do I have a background image that isn't tiled?

  Specify the background-repeat property as no-repeat. You can also use the background property as a shortcut for specifying multiple background-* properties at once. Here's an example: BODY {background: #FFF url(watermark.jpg) no-repeat;}

• What is inline style? How to link?

  Inline style is the style attached to one specific element. The style is specified directly in the start tag as a value of the STYLE attribute and will apply exclusively to this specific element occurrence.

• What is a Style Sheet?

  Style sheets are the way that standards-compliant Web designers define the layout, look-and-feel, and design of their pages. They are called Cascading Style Sheets or CSS. With style sheets, a designer can define many aspects of a Web page:...

• What XHTML does it stand for? How is if different from HTML? Who developed it? ?

  XHTML stands for "Extensible HyperText Markup Language". It was developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and is now a W3C Recommendation. XHTML is a reformulation of HTML 4 in XML 1.0. This means that the benefits provided by XML w...

• How to convert most HTML pages to XHTML.

  1. Heading lines at top At the beginning of documents we need to include a few lines: The location of the dtd allows validating parsers to check the document. Most browsers will ignore these tags.

• How does HTML differ from XHTML ?

  XHTML has a small number of differences. The most noticeable being the requirement for elements to be lowercase (e.g. and not ) and elements to be closed (e.g. paragraphs must end with a ).

• What's XHTML DTD?

  The XHTML standard defines three Document Type Definitions. The most common is the XHTML Transitional. The Is Mandatory An XHTML document consists of three main parts: * the DOCTYPE * the Head * the Body

• What the benefits of XHTML are?

  As XHTML is an XML application, you will benefit from developments in the XML world. For example XML tools such as editors, converters, browsers, etc. can be used with XHTML resources. In addition there are developments to the XML family of...

• What's XHTML Validation?

  An XHTML document is validated against a Document Type Definition. Validate XHTML With A DTD An XHTML document is validated against a Document Type Definition (DTD). Before an XHTML file can be properly validated, a correct DTD must be ad...

• Why is this XSLT important?

  You've heard all the hype about mobile phones and WAP haven't you? How do you think the WAP world, which expects documents to be in WML format, to be populated? Rather than manually creating WML markup, XSLT will enable XHTML documents to b...

• Why do we need modular DTDs?

  An application may wish to support only a subset of XHTML. For example a mobile phone, an Internet TV or even a Web-aware cooker may only require a subset of XHTML. Also modularity makes it easier to deploy new developments.

• What about elements that don't have a close tag, such as < IMG > and < hr > ?

  There are two solutions. You could use a close tag (e.g. ). However the best solution is to simply include a forward slash in the element: Will this work? As long as you include a space before the slash it will cause no problems in most...

• Why XHTML Modularization?

  he XHTML modularization model defines the modules of XHTML. XHTML is a simple, but large language. XHTML contains most of the functionality a web developer will need.

• What is XHTML?

  XHTML is a more formal, stricter version of HTML. XHTML is defined by an XML dtd which makes it much easier to handle.

• Explain about FIELDSET, LEGEND, and LABEL?

  The FIELDSET, LEGEND, and elements are relatively new and let you group controls in a form visually. Use the FIELDSET element to group elements in a form together in a box, the LEGEND element to add a caption to the box, and the LABEL elem...

• Explain about FIELDSET, LEGEND, and LABEL?

  The FIELDSET, LEGEND, and elements are relatively new and let you group controls in a form visually. Use the FIELDSET element to group elements in a form together in a box, the LEGEND element to add a caption to the box, and the LABEL elem...

• Describe about server side image map?

  To create a server side image map, you use the ISMAP stand alone attribute of the IMG element. Surround the whole element that displays the map in a hyperlink element. The elements HREF attribute gives the URL of the map file you want to...

• What is a MARQUEE element?

  The MARQUEE element is an internet explorer element that displays text in a moving “marquee” which can scroll, slide, or bounce in a horizontal strip. It is entirely dependent upon the programmer to set the size of the script in a MARQUEE.

• What is an attribute ?

  Attribute helps you in actually customizing most of the tags present in HTML. An attribute is a keyword that you use in an opening tag to give more information to the web browser. This tag is very helpful in HTML.

• What is the difference between TT, KBD, SAMP?

  TT: - This tag displays text in monospace “teletype” font. This is useful to create “teletype” text. SAMP: -This tag styles text as sample program output. The ouput is usually displayed in a monospace font. KBD: -This displays the text th...

• How do I add scrolling text to my page?

  Keep in mind not all browsers support scrolling text. however to do this add a tag similar to the below example. THIS WOULD SCROLL The above example would create the below scrolling text. If your browser supports scrolling text th...

• What are the differences between cell spacing and cell padding?

  Cell Padding: Cell padding is used for formatting purpose which is used to specify the space needed between the edges of the cells and also in the cell contents. Cell Spacing: Cell spacing is one also used f formatting but there is a...

• What is HEAD in HTML document?

  The head of an HTML document is an unordered collection of information about the document. The HEAD contains general information, or meta-information, about the document. The head appears first in a document above the BODY.

• What is HEAD in HTML document?

  The head of an HTML document is an unordered collection of information about the document. The HEAD contains general information, or meta-information, about the document. The head appears first in a document above the BODY.

• What is DIV in HTML?

  DIV is same as span but it has an additional property of align in it with the help of which we can align the text within it,furhter if we want to palce our code anywhere in our page we use DIV tag and our code within it.

• What is Document Type Definition?

  Document Type Defination (DTD) specifies the syntax of a web page in SGML,It is used to specify rules that apply to the markup of the document of a particular type,including a set of element and entity declarations.

• What is Semantic HTML?

  Semantic HTML means using HTML tags for their implied meaning, rather than just using (meaningless) div and span tags for absolutely everything. Why would you want to do this? Depending on the tag, the content in the tag can be interpreted...

• What are META tags?

  META tags areuseful for Web developers and serch engines. They can be used to identify the creator of the page, what HTML specs the page follows, the keywords and description of the page, and the refresh parameter (which can be used to caus...