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XSL Transformation
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Overview:
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Diagram represents the transformation process: taking in an XML document, applying the XSLT file to the nodes of the XML document, and generating another document of the desired format.
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It consist of two functions. The first function simply reads an XML document and then transforms the data using an XSLT file. The second function reads an XML document, transforms the data, and then writes a new XML document from the transformed data.
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Example 1:- Transforming XML to XML
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Transforming the XML document
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<?xml version="1.0"?>
<persons>
<person username="MP123456">
<name>John</name>
<family_name>Smith</family_name>
</person>
<person username="PK123456">
<name>Morka</name>
<family_name>Ismincius</family_name>
</person>
</persons>
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By applying the XSLT transform:
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<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0">
<xsl:output method="xml" indent="yes"/>
<xsl:template match="/">
<transform>
<xsl:apply-templates/>
</transform>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="person">
<record>
<username>
<xsl:value-of select="@username" />
</username>
<name>
<xsl:value-of select="name" />
</name>
</record>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
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Results in a new XML document, having another structure:
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<transform>
<record>
<username>MP123456</username>
<name>John</name>
</record>
<record>
<username>PK123456</username>
<name>Morka</name>
</record>
</transform>
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Example 2: Transforming XML to XHTML
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Example of incoming XML document:
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<domains>
<sun.com ownedBy="Sun Microsystems Inc.">
<host>
www
<use>World Wide Web site</use>
</host>
<host>
java
<use>Java info</use>
</host>
</sun.com>
<w3.org ownedBy="The World Wide Web Consortium">
<host>
www
<use>World Wide Web site</use>
</host>
<host>
validator
<use>web developers who want to get it right</use>
</host>
</w3.org>
</domains>
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Example XSLT Stylesheet:
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<xsl:output method="xml" indent="yes"
doctype-public="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
doctype-system="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"/>
<!--XHTML document outline-->
<xsl:template match="/">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<title>test1</title>
<style type="text/css">
h1 { padding: 10px; padding-width: 100%; background-color: silver }
td, th { width: 40%; border: 1px solid silver; padding: 10px }
td:first-child, th:first-child { width: 20% }
table { width: 650px }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<xsl:apply-templates/>
</body>
</html>
</xsl:template>
<!--Table headers and outline-->
<xsl:template match="domains/*">
<h1><xsl:value-of select="@ownedBy"/></h1>
<p>The following host names are currently in use at
<strong><xsl:value-of select="local-name(.)"/></strong>
</p>
<table>
<tr><th>Host name</th><th>URL</th><th>Used by</th></tr>
<xsl:apply-templates/>
</table>
</xsl:template>
<!--Table row and first two columns-->
<xsl:template match="host">
<!--Create variable for 'url', as it's used twice-->
<xsl:variable name="url" select=
"normalize-space(concat('http://', normalize-space(node()), '.',
local-name(..)))"/>
<tr>
<td><xsl:value-of select="node()"/></td>
<td><a href="{$url}"><xsl:value-of select="$url"/></a></td>
<xsl:apply-templates select="use"/>
</tr>
</xsl:template>
<!--'Used by' column-->
<xsl:template match="use">
<td><xsl:value-of select="."/></td>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
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XHTML output that this would produce
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<head>
<meta content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"
http-equiv="Content-Type" />
<title>test1</title>
<style type="text/css">
h1
{ padding: 10px; padding-width: 100%; background-color: silver }
td, th { width:
40%; border: 1px solid silver; padding: 10px }
td:first-child, th:first-child { width: 20%
}
table {
width: 650px }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Sun Microsystems Inc.</h1>
<p>The following host names are currently in use at <strong>sun.com</strong></p>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Host name</th>
<th>URL</th>
<th>Used by</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>www</td>
<td><a href="http://www.sun.com">http://www.sun.com</a></td>
<td>World Wide Web
site</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>java</td>
<td><a href="http://java.sun.com">http://java.sun.com</a></td>
<td>Java info</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h1>The World Wide Web Consortium</h1>
<p>The following host names are currently in use at
<strong>w3.org</strong></p>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Host name</th>
<th>URL</th>
<th>Used by</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>www</td>
<td><a href="http://www.w3.org">http://www.w3.org</a></td>
<td>World Wide Web site</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>validator</td>
<td><a href="http://validator.w3.org">http://validator.w3.org</a></td>
<td>web developers who want to get it
right</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
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