Syntax
ADD for single fieldsAdds two single fields.
A D V E R T I S E M E N T
Syntax
ADD <n> TO <m>.
The contents of <n> are added to the contents of <m> and the results are
stored in <m>. This is equivalent to: <m> = <m> + <n>.
ADD for field sequences
Adds sequences of fields in storage.
Syntax
ADD <n1> THEN <n2> UNTIL <nz> GIVING <m>.
ADD <n1> THEN <n2> UNTIL <nz> ACCORDING TO <sel> GIVING <m>.
ADD <n1> THEN <n2> UNTIL <nz> TO <m>.
ADD <n1> FROM <m1> TO <mz> GIVING <m>.
If <n1>, <n2>,�, <nz> is a sequence of fields with the same distance to one
another and if they have the same type and length, these fields are added and
the result is stored in <m>. Different variants allow you to limit fields to a
subsequence, to include <m> in the sum, and to perform the operation on a
sequence of fields that directly follow one another.
ADD-CORRESPONDING
Adds subfields of structures.
Syntax
ADD-CORRESPONDING <struc1> TO <struc2>.
All the subfields of the structures <struc1> and <struc2> having the same
name are added and the results are stored in <struc2>.
ALIASES
Defines class-specific alias names for an interface component in ABAP
objects.
Syntax
ALIASES <alias> FOR <intf~comp>.
<alias> is defined within a class or interface as synonymous with the
interface component <intf~comp>.
APPEND
Appends a line or
multiple lines to the end of an index table.
Syntax
APPEND <line>|LINES OF <jtab> TO <itab>
[ASSIGNING <FS> | REFERENCE INTO <dref>].
A line <line> or multiple lines of an internal table <jtab> are appended to
index table <itab>. If you use ASSIGNING or INTO REFERENCE, field symbol <FS>
refers to the appended line or the relevant data reference is stored in <dref>
after the statement.
ASSIGN
Assigns a field to a field symbol.
Syntax
ASSIGN <f> [INCREMENT <n>] TO <FS>
[CASTING [TYPE <t>|LIKE <f>] [DECIMALS <d>]] [RANGE <r>].
Data object <f> is assigned to field symbol <FS>. <FS> now points to the data
object. After the addition INCREMENT <n>, the storage area that is offset <n>
times by a length of <f> starting with <f> is assigned to the field symbol.
Pointed brackets are part of the syntax for field symbol names. The CASTING
addition permits you to cast data objects when assigning field symbols. The
RANGE addition defines the storage area in which either offset/length accesses
or the INCREMENT addition are allowed. In Unicode programs, standard access is
only allowed within the field limits of <f>, but this can be extended with
RANGE. In non-Unicode programs, standard access is possible up to the boundary
of the data segment and can be limited with RANGE.
Syntax
ASSIGN <dref>->* TO <FS> [CASTING � ].
Dereferencing of the data reference in <dref>. The data object to which the
data reference refers is assigned to field symbol <FS>.
AT for event blocks
Syntax
AT SELECTION-SCREEN�
AT LINE-SELECTION.
AT USER-COMMAND.
User actions on a selection screen or on a list trigger certain events in the
ABAP runtime environment. The event keywords define event blocks that are called
when events occur.
AT for group change
Syntax
AT NEW <f>.
AT END OF <f>.
AT FIRST.
AT LAST.
AT <fg>.
The statements are used to process group levels within a loop using an
extract dataset or an internal table. They introduce statement blocks that must
be closed with ENDAT. The statements between AT and ENDAT are only executed if
the corresponding group change occurred.
AUTHORITY-CHECK
Checks user authorization.
Syntax
AUTHORITY-CHECK OBJECT <object> ID <name1> FIELD <f1>
ID <name2> FIELD <f2>
�
ID <name10> FIELD <f10>.
There is a check if the program user has all the authorizations defined in
authorization object <object>. <name1>,�, <name10> are the authorization fields
of the authorization object. <f1>,� <f1>, �, <f10> are data objects of the
program. The value of the data objects is checked against the authorization
fields.
BACK
Relative position of the
output in a list.
Syntax
BACK.
Positions the list output
either in the first column of the first line following the page header of the
current page or in connection with RESERVE in the first column of the first line
of a line block.
BREAK-POINT
Calls the Debugger.
Syntax
BREAK-POINT.
Interrupts execution of
the program and goes to debugging mode. Is used as a test help. Normal program
processing is interrupted when this statement is reached and the system goes to
a debugger.
CALL CUSTOMER-FUNCTION
Calls the customer
function modules.
Syntax
CALL CUSTOMER-FUNCTION
<func>�
Similar to CALL FUNCTION.
The function modules must be programmed and activated within the customer�s
modification concept.
CALL FUNCTION
Calls the function
modules.
Syntax
CALL FUNCTION <func>
[EXPORTING� fi = a i� ]
[IMPORTING� fi = a i� ]
[CHANGING� fi = a i� ]
[TABLES� fi = a i� ]
[EXCEPTIONS� ei = r i� ]
[DESTINATION <dest>]
[IN UPDATE TASK]
[STARTING NEW TASK]
[IN BACKGOUND TASK].
The program calls either a
function module in the same R/3 System, or one from an external system,
depending on the variant of the statement you use. You can call update modules
when processing transactions. You can also call functions asynchronously. The
other additions are used to specify actual parameters for the parameter
interface for the function module, <func>, and to handle exceptions.
CALL DIALOG
Calls a dialog module.
Syntax
CALL DIALOG <dialog> [AND
SKIP FIRST SCREEN]
[EXPORTING� fi = a i� ]
[IMPORTING� fi = a i� ]
[USING itab].
Calls the dialog module
<dial>. A dialog module is an ABAP program with a sequence of screens. It does
not have to be started using a transaction code, or run in the same SAP LUW,
like the calling program. The additions are used to skip the initial screen in
the sequence and specify actual parameters for the parameter interface of the
dialog module.
CALL METHOD
Calls a method in ABAP
Objects.
Syntax
CALL METHOD <meth>
[EXPORTING� <ii> =.<f i>� ]
[IMPORTING� <ei> =.<g i>� ]
[CHANGING� <ci> =.<f i>� ]
[RECEIVINGr = h ]
[EXCEPTIONS� <ei> = r i� ]
[PARAMETER-TABLE <ptab>]
[EXCEPTION-TABLE <etab>].
[CALL METHOD]<meth>( � ).
Calls a method <meth>. The
additions are used to specify actual parameters for the parameter interface for
the function module and to handle exceptions. The last two additions pass
parameters dynamically in a dynamic method call. Alternatively, if the method is
called statically, the parameters can be specified using parenthesis notation
(as you can when specifying parameters in a CALL METHOD statement). You can also
use functional methods with this syntax in operand positions.
CALL METHOD OF
Calls a method in OLE2
Automation.
Syntax
CALL METHOD OF <obj> <m>.
Calls the method, <m>, of
the OLE2 Automation Object, <obj>.
CALL SCREEN
Calls a screen sequence.
Syntax
CALL SCREEN <scr>
[STARTING AT <X1> <Y1>]
[ENDING AT <X2> <Y2>].
Calls the sequence of
screens that begins with the screen <scr>. All the screens in the screen
sequence belong to the current ABAP program. The screen sequence ends when the
program reaches the screen numbered 0. The additions let you call a single
screen in a new window.
CALL SELECTION-SCREEN
Calls a selection screen.
Syntax
CALL SELECTION-SCREEN <scr>
[STARTING AT <x1> <y 1>]
[ENDING AT <x2> <y 2>].
Calls a selection screen
defined in an ABAP program. The selection screen is processed in the program in
the AT SELECTION-SCREEN event. The additions let you call a selection screen in
a new window.
CALL TRANSACTION
Call a transaction.
Syntax
CALL TRANSACTION <tcod>
[AND SKIP FIRST SCREEN]
[USING <itab>].
Calls the transaction <tcod>
after having received data from the calling program. At the end of the
transaction that has been called, the system returns to the statement following
the call in the calling report. The additions are used to skip the initial
screen in the sequence or to pass a batch input table to the transaction.
CASE
Conditional branch.
Syntax
CASE <f>.
Opens a CASE control
structure that ends with an ENDCASE statement. The CASE control structure allows
you to control which statement blocks (introduced by WHEN) are processed, based
on the contents of a data object.
DATA with Reference to
Known Data Types
Declares variables with a
previously-declared data type
Syntax
DATA <f>� [TYPE
<type>|LIKE <obj>]� [VALUE <val>].
Declares a variable <f>
with the fully-defined data type <type> or the same data type as another data
object <obj>. The data type <type> can be D, F, I, T, a type defined locally in
the program using the TYPES statement, or a type from the ABAP Dictionary. The
data object <obj> is a data object or line of an internal table that has already
been defined. The VALUE addition specifies a starting value.
DATA with Reference to
Generic Data Types
Declares variables by
completing the description of a generic type
Syntax
DATA <f>[(<length>)] TYPE
<type> [DECIMALS <d>]� [VALUE <val>].
DATA <f> TYPE <itab>.
The data type <type> can
be C, N, P, X, STRING or XSTRING. The <length> option sets the field length. If
you omit it, the field length is set to the appropriate initial value. If <type>
is P, you can specify the number of decimal places using the DECIMALS <d>
addition. If you omit this, the number of decimal places is set to 0. If you do
not use the TYPE addition, the system uses the default predefined generic type
C.
Syntax
DATA <f> TYPE <itab>.
The data type <itab> is a
standard internal table with generic key. The default key is automatically used
in the DATA statement.
DATA, Creating an
Associated Data Type
Declares variables with
data types that only exist as an attribute of the variable.
Syntax
DATA <f> TYPE REF TO
<class>|<interface>.
The variable <f> is
defined as an object reference variable for the class <class> or interface
<interface>.
Syntax
DATA <f> TYPE REF TO
DATA|<type>.
Declares the variable <f>
as a data reference variable for a data object.
Syntax
DATA: BEGIN OF
<structure>,
�
<fi>�,
�
END OF <structure>.
Combines the variables <fi>
to form the structure <structure>. The individual variables within a structure
are addressed in the program with a hyphen between the structure name and
component name as follows: <structure>-<f i>.
Syntax
DATA <f> TYPE|LIKE
<tabkind> OF <linetype> WITH <key>.
The variable <f> is
declared as an internal table with the table kind <tabkind>, line type
<linetype>, and key <key>.
Syntax
DATA <f> TYPE|LIKE RANGE
OF <type>|<obj>.
Declares the variable <f>
as a RANGES table. A RANGES table has the same data type as a selection table,
but is not linked to input fields on a selection screen.
DATA statement for
Shared Data Areas
Declares shared data areas
in a program.
Syntax
DATA: BEGIN OF COMMON PART <c>,
<f i>.
..
END OF COMMON PART.
The variables <fi>
are assigned to a data area <c>, which can be defined in more than one program.
These data areas use the same memory addresses for all programs that are loaded
into the same internal session.
DEFINE
Defines a macro.
Syntax
DEFINE <macro>.
Introduces the definition
of the macro <macro>. Each macro must consist of complete ABAP statement and be
concluded with the END-OF-DEFINITION statement.
DELETE for Files
Deletes files on the
application server
Syntax
DELETE DATASET <dsn>.
Deletes the file <dsn>
from the file system of the application server.
DELETE for Database
Table Entries
Deletes entries from
database tables.
Syntax
DELETE FROM <dbtab> WHERE <cond>.
All of the lines in the
database table that satisfy the conditions in the WHERE clause are deleted.
Syntax
DELETE <dbtab> FROM <wa>.
DELETE <dbtab> FROM TABLE
<itab>.
This deletes the line that
has the same primary key as the work area <wa>, or deletes all the lines in the
database that have the same primary key as a line in the internal table <itab>.
The work area <wa> or the lines of the internal table <itab> must have at least
the same length as the work area of the database table.
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