The POP3 protocol enables any email program anywhere on the Internet to connect to any email server to perform the usual email functions, such as sending and reading, as long as they have a valid account and password.

POP3 is an open Internet standard.

The common POP3 commands

The common POP3 commands and responses are listed in the following table:

Command	Responses
getwelcome ()	Gets the greeting from the server.
user (username)	Login with a username. If valid username, server will respond with request for password.
pass_ (password)	Send password. If valid, server response will be two numbers, message count and mailbox size.
stat ()	Get the mailbox status. Response is two numbers, message count and mailbox size.
list ([message])	Get list of messages. An option "message" gets information on a specific message.
retr (message)	Get message number "message".
dele (message)	Delete message number "message".
rset ()	Remove all deleted message markings.
noop ()	No operation. Do nothing. Really. Needed in unusual programming situations.
quit ()	Quit. Commits all changes, unlocks the mailbox, and ends the server connection.
top (message, lines)	Gets just the first "lines" number of lines of message number "message". Useful on low bandwidth lines to get just the first part of long messages.
uidl ([message])	Gets a unique id list -- a message digest including unique ids. The option gets the unique id for the specific message "message".

FTP(File Transfer Protocol)

FTP is used for transmission of data in the form of file from an application to the network.

FTP is responsible for breaking data down into IP packets before they are sent,and for assembling the packets when they arrive.

Uploading and downloading of file can be done by FTP easily.

FTP Session

An FTP session normally involves the interaction of five software elements which is given in the following table.

User Interface	This provides a user interface and drives the client protocol interpreter.
Client PI	This is the client protocol interpreter. It issues commands to the remote server protocol interpreter and it also drives the client data transfer process.
Server PI	This is the server protocol interpreter which responds to commands issued by the client protocol interpreter and drives the server data transfer process.
Client DTP	This is the client data transfer process responsible for communicating with the server data transfer process and the local file system.
Server DTP	This is the server data transfer process responsible for communicating with the client data transfer process and the remote file system.

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